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- Gun Maxim, ·303 Inch - Side elevation
1. End of crank. 2. Projecting arm of crank handle. 3. Crank handle. 4. Breech casing. 5. Fusee spring 6. Chain 7. Fusee. 8. Spring box 9. Resistance piece. 10. Buffer spring. 11. Check lever. 12. Lock casing. 13. Firing lever. 14. Trigger bar. 15. Projection on trigger bar. 16. Trigger. 17. Tumbler. 18. Lockspring. 19. Firing pin. 20. Crank. 21. Crank pin. 22. Connecting rod. 22A Cotter. 23. Side levers. 24. Sear. 25. Extractor. 26. Barrel. 27. Ejector tube. 28. Horns of extractor. 29. Keeper bracket. 30. Side cams. 31. Cover spring. 32. Cover. 33. Gib. 34. Adjusting screw for fusee spring. 35. Extractor spring. 36. Handles. 37. Double button. 38. Trigger bar spring. 39. Gib spring. 41. Extractor levers. 42. Belt. 43. Upper extractor stop. 44. Groove for side plate spring. 45. Cartridge grooves. 46. Ejector tube spring. 47. Side plates. 48. Guides in which flanges of lock move. 49. Guide ribs for extractor. 50. Cover lock. 51. Gunmetal block. 52. Hole for firing pin. 53. Safety catch. 54. Screwed head. 55. Connecting rod spring. 56. Crank bearings. 57. Slots, breech casing. 58. Crank stops. 59. Ammunition belt box, No. 2. 60. Feed block. 61. Top lever feed block. 62. Cork plug. 63. Feed block slide. 64. Top pawl. 65. Bottom pawl. 66. Band roller. 67. Barrel casing. 68. Screwed plug for filling. 69. Asbestos packing. 70. Packing gland. 71. Cannelure for asbestos packing. 72. Gunmetal valve. 73. Steam tube. 74. } Holes in steam tube. 75. } 76. Slide valve. 77. Steam escape hole. 78. Milled heads of oil brushes. 79. Oil brush. 80. Sight, tangent. 81. Sight, fore. 82. Shutter. 83. Shutter spring. 84. Shutter catch. 85. Notch for shutter catch. 86. Screwed plug for emptying. 87. Slides, right and left. 88. Gib spring cover. 89. Check lever collar. 90. Cover lock spring. 91. Safety catch spring. 92. Tangent sight spring. 93. Bottom lever feed block. 94. Trunnions of barrel. 95. Extractor stop. 96. Firing lever spring. 97. Shutter pivot screw. - Gun Maxim, ·303 Inch - plan, with cover removed
1. End of crank. 2. Projecting arm of crank handle. 3. Crank handle. 4. Breech casing. 5. Fusee spring 6. Chain 7. Fusee. 8. Spring box 9. Resistance piece. 10. Buffer spring. 11. Check lever. 12. Lock casing. 13. Firing lever. 14. Trigger bar. 15. Projection on trigger bar. 16. Trigger. 17. Tumbler. 18. Lockspring. 19. Firing pin. 20. Crank. 21. Crank pin. 22. Connecting rod. 22A Cotter. 23. Side levers. 24. Sear. 25. Extractor. 26. Barrel. 27. Ejector tube. 28. Horns of extractor. 29. Keeper bracket. 30. Side cams. 31. Cover spring. 32. Cover. 33. Gib. 34. Adjusting screw for fusee spring. 35. Extractor spring. 36. Handles. 37. Double button. 38. Trigger bar spring. 39. Gib spring. 41. Extractor levers. 42. Belt. 43. Upper extractor stop. 44. Groove for side plate spring. 45. Cartridge grooves. 46. Ejector tube spring. 47. Side plates. 48. Guides in which flanges of lock move. 49. Guide ribs for extractor. 50. Cover lock. 51. Gunmetal block. 52. Hole for firing pin. 53. Safety catch. 54. Screwed head. 55. Connecting rod spring. 56. Crank bearings. 57. Slots, breech casing. 58. Crank stops. 59. Ammunition belt box, No. 2. 60. Feed block. 61. Top lever feed block. 62. Cork plug. 63. Feed block slide. 64. Top pawl. 65. Bottom pawl. 66. Band roller. 67. Barrel casing. 68. Screwed plug for filling. 69. Asbestos packing. 70. Packing gland. 71. Cannelure for asbestos packing. 72. Gunmetal valve. 73. Steam tube. 74. } Holes in steam tube. 75. } 76. Slide valve. 77. Steam escape hole. 78. Milled heads of oil brushes. 79. Oil brush. 80. Sight, tangent. 81. Sight, fore. 82. Shutter. 83. Shutter spring. 84. Shutter catch. 85. Notch for shutter catch. 86. Screwed plug for emptying. 87. Slides, right and left. 88. Gib spring cover. 89. Check lever collar. 90. Cover lock spring. 91. Safety catch spring. 92. Tangent sight spring. 93. Bottom lever feed block. 94. Trunnions of barrel. 95. Extractor stop. 96. Firing lever spring. 97. Shutter pivot screw. - Mounting Tripod ·303 Inch, Maxim Gun Mark
A Crosshead B Elevating gear C Socket D Arm, crosshead F Screw, clamp checking traverse G Tumbler, elevating gear H Bolt, jamming elevating gear J Front legs K Rear leg M Shoes N Socket lugs S Stud, joints, a jamming handle, front legs T Joint pin, a jamming handle rear leg V Handwheel elevating gear - 8-mm medium machine gun
- Service Revolver and Pistols
- Weapons
Their arrowheads and spearheads, axes, knives, and other tools and weapons were of copper obtained from Lake Superior mines, or of stone suitable for the purpose. - Musketeer wearing a bandolier
Musketeer wearing a bandolier. Note how he pours the charge from one cylinder down the muzzle. From De Gheyn. There were several ways of carrying this ammunition. The powder was normally either in a flask or bandolier; the shot in a soft leather pouch. When going into action, a soldier often took his bullets from his pouch and put them in his mouth so he could spit them into the barrel of his gun and save time in loading. - A seventeenth century musketeer
A seventeenth century musketeer ready to fire his matchlock. From Jacques de Gheyn, Maniement d’Armes, 1608. The military supplies which the Pilgrims brought with them may be divided into three major categories: defensive armor, edged weapons, and projectile weapons. A completely armed man, especially in the first years, was usually equipped with one or more articles from each of the three groups, usually a helmet and corselet, a sword, and a musket. - Walther pistol
- Sketch of Eierhandgranate 39 (egg-type hand grenade, model 39)
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- 33
- Positions for the use of the sword
- The Cut of the Cavalry
- The Head guarded against any cut
- The Cut and Thrust in Quarte
- Quarte
- On guard
- Front View of the Guards
- Near Side protect and Giving Point
- The Situation of the Cavalry man on the near side
- The Cavalry man making point to the right
- The Bayonet Exercise
- Allonge
- Gallo-Roman Sword and Horn
- Gallo-Roman Weapons
The Romans, either alarmed by the progress of Hannibal, or becoming aware of the value of such allies as the Spaniards, now sent larger armies to their assistance, headed by their ablest generals. - A Matchlock and a Firelock, or Fusil (17th Century)
The constantly smouldering match of the former rendered it a very dangerous weapon in the neighbourhood of cannon; the "snaphaunce", or "fusil", was fitted with a "fire-lock", in which a spark was struck from a flint. - Anelaces
Anelace (Also in French, alenas, alinlaz, analasse, anlace.) A broad knife or dagger worn at the girdle. It was a well known weapon in he thirteenth century. - Mounted Crossbowman, with Cranequin crossbow, and a quarrel in his hat
Doubtless on the coasts of Scandinavia and North Germany, the chief home of these composite crossbows after the time of the Crusades, whalebone was easily obtainable, whilst in other parts of the Continent, the pieces which formed the heart of the bow, were made from the straightened horn of an animal. This ancient form of crossbow with a composite bow, survived in an improved form in Scandinavia and in the north of Europe, as a weapon of sport and war, till about 1460, or for nearly a hundred years after the far superior crossbow with a thick steel bow and a windlass had been in use in France, Spain and Italy. Some of these later weapons were made so strong in the fifteenth century, that after the invention of the powerful cranequin for bending steel bows, this apparatus was also employed for bending the composite bow - Crossbowmen killing Deer and Wild Boars
From MS. Gaston Phosbus. Fourteenth century - Mounted Crossbowman
A troop of mounted crossbowmen, of special skill and courage, usually formed the bodyguard of the king, and attended him in battle. Mounted crossbowmen were largely employed on the Continent in the fourteenth, and first half of the fifteenth century, and these men were usually allowed one and sometimes even two horses apiece, besides being supplied, when on the march, with carts to carry their crossbows and quarrels - Archer and Crossbowman of about 1370
The kneeling figure is fitting his belt-claw to the string of his crossbow, preparatory to bending its bow. From Manuscript No. 2813 in the National Library, Paris, reproduced by J. Quicherat in his ' History of Costume in France,' 1875. - Shooting rabbits with the crossbow
Joannes Stradanus, born at Bruges 1536, died at Florence 1605, a Flemish historical painter who delighted in portraying all kinds of sport, such as shooting, hunting, fishing and coursing, which he did with wonderful skill and in most realistic fashion. This picture is reduced from ' Venationes Ferarum,' a work consisting of 105 large plates of sporting scenes, dated 1578. The hunters carry stonebows, and the rabbits are being driven from their burrows by smoke and fire. Purse nets and stop nets may also be seen in use. - Crossbowmen
The centre figure may be seen bending his crossbow with a windlass, with his foot in the stirrup of the weapon. From Manuscript, Froissart's ' Chronicles. - A store of crossbow bolts, shafts and heads
The crossbowman is aiming at a target to the left of the picture. From a catalogue of the Arsenal of the Emperor Maximilian I. (6. 1459, d. 1519). - Crossbowman approaching game
Crossbowman approaching game by means of a stalkig horse - How a crossbowman should approach animals
How a crossbowman should approach animals by means of a cart concealed with foliage. - Crossbowmen
They represent French soldiers at the defence of Rouen, 1419, shooting from behind the shelter of shields propped up in front of them. - Crossbowmen
The centre figure is winding up his windlass crossbow behind the shelter of a shield. From Manuscript, Froissarts ' Chronicles.' The larger shields, which were carried before the knights (by their pages) when on the march, and which were propped up in front of them as a protection from arrows in a battle or a siege, were known as pavises or mantlets. - Crossbowmen
The soldiers carry windlass crossbows. One man is winding up his weapon ; the other is shooting, with his windlass laid on the ground at his feet. - Hunters with crossbows
- Norman Crossbowmen
- Hunters with crossbows
- Phrygian helmets, bow, bipennis, quiver, tunic, axe and javelin
- Breech loading Gingal (Chamber out)
Breech loading Gingal (Chamber out) - Matchlock
Like Miles Standish, some of the soldiers had swords at their sides, and all carried either flintlock or matchlock muskets so big and heavy that, before they could fire them off, they had to rest them upon supports stuck into the ground for the purpose. - Hand Grenade No. 7. and Ball Hand Grenade
Ignition Bombs. Hand Grenade No. 7—Grenade heavy friction pattern. Hand Grenades Nos. 6 and 7 consist of metal cases filled with T.N.T and a composite explosive and are exactly alike, except that No. 7 contains shrapnel bullets or scrap iron, while No. 6 contains only explosive. At the top of each case is a place to fix the friction igniter, which is supplied separately. When these bombs are to be used, detonator fuse and igniter are put in and firmly fixed. Before throwing the becket on, head of igniter should be pulled smartly off. Ball Hand Grenade. The Ball Hand Grenade consists of a cast iron sphere, 3 inches in diameter, filled with ammonal and closed by a screwed steel plug which has attached to it a covered tube to take detonator in the center of grenade. It is also lighted by a Brock lighter. - Hand Grenade No. 1
There are three kinds of bombs: (1) percussion; (2) ignition;, and (3) mechanical. It is not possible to describe every bomb in use under these three headings, but the most typical are selected for description, although it does not follow that they are all in use at the present time, but will give a fairly good idea of what is required. Percussion Bombs. 1. Hand Grenade No. 1. 2. Hand Grenade No. 2, formerly known as Mexican Hand Grenade. 3. Rifle grenade No. 3, formerly known as Hale’s Rifle Grenade. Hand Grenade No. 1 consists of a brass case screwed on to a block of wood, to which is fixed a small cane handle about half way up the case. Outside it is a cast iron ring serrated into 16 parts. The upper end is covered by a moveable cap with a striker pin in the center. On the cap are the words “Remove,” “Travel,” and “Fire” in duplicate. These are marked in red and can be made to correspond with red pointers painted on case. To prepare a bomb, turn cap so that pointer is at “Remove,” take off cap, insert detonator in hole and turn it to the left until the spring on the flange is released and goes into position under the pin; replace cap and turn to “Travel,” which is a safety position. When the bomb is to be thrown, turn cap to “Fire” and then remove safety pin. This bomb explodes on impact, and to insure its falling on the head, streamers are attached. Care should be taken that streamers do not get entangled. The bomb must be thrown well into the air. - Hand Grenade No. 5
Mechanical Bombs. Hand Grenade No. 5, known as Mills’ Hand Grenade. Mills’ Hand Grenade No. 5 weighs about one and one-half pounds and is in constant and steady use at the front, being the best known of all grenades. It consists of an oval cast iron case, containing explosives and serrated to provide numerous missiles on detonation. In the center is a spring striking pin, kept back by a lever or handle, which, in its turn, is held in position by a safety pin. - Swords
Fig. 1. Found in the Anglo-Saxon cemetery at Fairford. It measures upwards of 2 ft. 11 inches, and is one of the finest examples extant. Fig. 2. In the Hon. Mr. Neville's collection : found in the Anglo-Saxon cemetery at Wilbraham, Cambridgeshire. Length of blade, 2 ft. 7 in. It retains the bronze mountings of the sheath, which have been gilt. Fig. 3. Same collection and find • a specimen re-markable for the cross-piece at the hilt. Fig. 4 Ancient-. Irish Sword of the same period : length, 30 inches. From Mr. Wakeman's paper in vol. iii. of Colleetanea Antigua. Fig. 5. Danish sword with engraved runes : in the Copenhagen Museum. Fig. 6. Danish : from the Annaler for Nordisk Oldkyndighed. Remarkable for the form of its cross-piece - Swords
Fig. 7. Norwegian Sword. The pommel and cross-piece are of iron. Figs. 8 to 11. From Livonian graves : the originals are in the British Museum. Fig. 10 is single-edged : its pommel and the chape of the scabbard are of bronze. Fig. 11 has its pommel and guard ornamented with silver - A Sprinkle or Hand-Flail of bronze
From the Museum of Mitau in Courland - Slings of Warfare
Sometimes the sling is attached to a staff or truncheon, about three or four feet in length, wielded with both hands, and charged with a stone of no small magnitude. Those slings appear to have been chiefly used in besieging of cities, and on board of ships in engagements by sea. The following engraving represents a sling of this kind, from a drawing supposed to have been made by Matthew Paris, in a MS. at Bennet College, Cambridge. - Thrust
Thrust the rifle quickly forward to the full length of the left arm, turning the barrel to the left, and direct the point of the bayonet at the point to be attacked, butt covering the right fore-arm. At the same time straighten the right leg vigorously and throw the weight of the body forward and on the left leg, the ball of the right foot always on the ground. Guard is resumed immediately without command. - Guard
At the second command take the position of guard; at the same time throw the rifle smartly to the front, grasp the rifle with the left hand just below the lower band, fingers between the stock and gun sling, barrel turned slightly to the left, the right hand grasping the small of the stock about 6 inches in front of the right hip, elbows free from the body, bayonet point at the height of the chin. - Lunge
Executed in the same manner as the thrust, except that the left foot is carried forward about twice its length. The left heel must always be in rear of the left knee. Guard is resumed immediately without command. Guard may also be resumed by advancing the right foot if for any reason it is desired to hold the ground gained in lunging - Left Handed use
The men may be permitted to wield the rifle left handed, that is on the left side of the body, left hand at the small of the stock. Many men will be able to use this method to advantage. It is also of value in case the left band is wounded. - Swing
Tighten the grasp of the hands and swing the rifle to the front and downward, directing it at the head of the opponent, and immediately return to the position of club rifle by completing the swing of the rifle downward and to the rear.