- Echidnophaga gallinacea
- Left spiracle of nymph of Argas persicus
- Cordylobia anthropophaga
- Ixodes ricinus; male, ventral aspect
- D.F.W. (German-designed) Biplane
A. Hull, which is steel-built, containing pilot and passenger B. Main-planes—the lower at a dihedral angle C. Uptilted stabilising ailerons, which may be locked in position D. Stabilising fin E. Rudder F. Elevating-plane G. 100-h.p. motor (which is enclosed) and propeller. - The cattle tick (Boophilus annulatus). (a) Female; (b) male
- Culex sollicitans. Female
- Some early medical entomology
- Pediculoides ventricosus, female
- A solpugid (Eremobates cinerea)
The Solpugida have long borne a bad reputation and, regarding virulence, have been classed with the scorpions. Among the effects of their bites have been described painful swelling, gangrene, loss of speech, cramps, delirium, unconsciousness and even death. Opposed to the numerous loose accounts of poisoning, there are a number of careful records by physicians and zoölogists which indicate clearly that the effects are local and though they may be severe, they show not the slightest symptom of direct poisoning. - Conorhinus abdominalis
- Demodex folliculorum
- Eggs of Anopheles
- Larva of Anopheles
- Epithelium underlying poison hairs of the larva of the browntail moth (larger scale)
- Conorhinus sanguisugus
- Head of a spider showing poison gland (c) and its relation to the chelicera (a)
- The Italian tarantula
- Notœdres cati, male and female
- Linguatula. (a) larva; (enlarged). (b) adult; (natural size)
- Larva of Simulium
- Dancing Mania
- Chrysomyia macellaria
- Multiple-engined craft
The fitting of several motors has been shown to be practical; and it has the obvious advantage that, should one fail while in the air, the other or others will maintain a craft in flight. In such a machine as would fly the Atlantic, for example, it is proposed to fit four motors developing 800 h.p., and to carry a couple of mechanics who would constantly be tending them. Thus, should one engine develop trouble, its repair could be effected without descent, and with no worse result than a temporary fall in speed. In the figure is shown a method by which three Gnome motors may be fitted to a biplane. A. First engine (a 50-h.p. Gnome) B. Second engine (which is on the same shaft, but will run independently) C. Third Gnome engine, also an independent unit D. Four-bladed propeller (mounted higher than the crank-shaft bearing the engines, and driven by a chain gearing). - Sting of a honey bee
- Life cycle of the malarial parasite
- Dog flea
- Sarcoptes scabiei, female
- Driving-seat of a touring plane
- Cross section of the larva of the browntail moth showing the tubercles bearing the poison hairs
- Two common centipedes
- Otiobius (Ornithodoros) megnini, male. (a) dorsal, (b) ventral aspect
- Lucilia cæsar
- Larva of Fannia scalaris
- Sarcoptes scabiei, male
- Reduvius (Opsicœtus) personatus
- Dipylidium caninum. Rostrum evaginated and invaginated
- The single-seated 'air-car'—a suggested type
A. Enclosed body B. Driver’s position C. Steering wheel D. Foot-controlled throttle lever for engine E.E. The two sustaining-planes F. The motor G. Propeller H. Rudder I. Elevating-plane J. Landing gear. First probably for mails, and after this for passenger-carrying, will aeroplanes of the future be employed; and they will find a scientific use, too, in exploring remote corners of the earth, and in passing above forests which are now impenetrable. Small, fast machines, much cheaper than those of to-day, will be bought also for private use—many of them, as suggested by the figure, having room for only one man within their hulls. Then there will be flying clubs; and to these, after their day’s work, will come a city’s toilers. Through the cheapening of craft, as time goes on, practically all members of the community will experience the joys of flight. Thus, say on a summer’s evening, the doors of the sheds will be pushed aside, and the machines wheeled out and overhauled; then, one by one, these small, fast-moving craft will rise into the air and dart here and there—circling, manœuvring, dipping, and diving. - Sepsis violacea; puparium and adult
Sepsis violacea; puparium and adult - Section through a venom gland of Latrodectus 13-guttatus showing the peritoneal, muscular and epithelial layers
- Harvest mites. (Larvæ of Trombidium)
- Left hand stigmata of the larvæ of muscoidea
- Calliphora erythrocephala
- Poison apparatus of a honey bee
- The yellow fever mosquito (Aëdes calopus)
- Epithelium underlying poison hairs of the larva of the browntail moth
- Mandible of Scolopendra cingulata showing venom gland
- Launching sea-planes from a ship’s deck
There is a type of aeroplane which will be carried to sea when a fleet sails, stowed in sections within the hull of a transport ship. This machine—a light, high-speed craft—will be assembled upon the deck of its parent ship, and launched into the air by special mechanism, as there is not room for a machine to run upon wheels, and leave the ship’s deck as it might do upon land; the vessel, besides, might be rolling in a high sea. In some cases a platform is built upon the deck, either at the bow or stern, and along this the aircraft moves, so as to gain speed for its planes to lift. In one device, seen in Figure, the machine is mounted upon a light wheeled cradle, and this is placed upon the starting-rail. Then, driven by its propeller, the plane runs forward upon the cradle till it reaches the end of the rail, when it glides into the air, the cradle falling from it and dropping into the sea, from which it is retrieved and drawn back on board the ship. The sea-plane (A.) is seen taking flight, having glided upon its cradle along the platform (B.). The cradle (C.) is just falling away below the aircraft’s hull. - Single-seated Air Scout
Hence there is a type of fast scouting monoplane, in which a pilot can ascend alone, and fly at 100 miles an hour. With such a craft, sweeping rapidly above an enemy’s position, the pilot-observer can return with his information at surprising speed. In the figure an air-scout of this type is seen. The tapering, covered-in body will be observed; this is to reduce wind resistance as the machine rushes through the air. The Gnome engine is, for the same reason, covered by an aluminium shield, which only allows the lower cylinders to project; they must, of course, be exposed in some way to the air, or they would not cool themselves. The landing-carriage has been reduced to its simplest form; this, again, is to reduce wind resistance; and the pilot, sitting deep in the body, shows only his head as the machine flies. Here, again, apart from the greater comfort in being so shielded, the placing of the pilot within the machine spells a lessening of pressure. A. Propeller B. Motor (partly hidden by shield) C. Pilot’s seat D. Sustaining plane E. Rudder F. Elevating-plane G. Chassis. - Rasahus biguttatus
- Salivary glands of Notonecta maculata
- Dipylidium caninum. The double pored tapeworm of the dog
- Culicoides guttipennis - (a) adult, (×15) (b) head of same (c) larva (d) head (e) pupa
- Dermanyssus gallinæ, female
- Pediculus showing the blind sac (b) containing the mouth parts (a) beneath the alimentary canal (p)
- Muscina stabulan
- Grahame-White Military Biplane - side view
Once the value of aerial reconnaissance had been proved, France proceeded to the development of a scouting aeroplane; and the need, in such a machine, is that the observer shall have a clear view ahead and below. The construction of machines was, for this reason, modified. The front elevating plane was moved to the rear, where it was fitted in the form of a flap—as in the case of monoplanes—and the pilot and observer placed in a covered-in body, which projected in front of the main-planes, as shown in the figure. By placing the body before the planes, the observer has a clear view ahead and on either side; and even when he leans over the side, and looks directly downward, there is no surface to obstruct him. A. Covered-in body, with seats for pilot and passenger B. Motor (to minimise wind resistance, only the lower cylinders are exposed to the air) C. Propeller D. Main-planes E. Rudder F. Elevator G. Landing gear. - Xenopsylla cheopis, male
- Sarcoptes scabiei. Diagrammatic representation of the course in the skin of man
- Head and pronotum of (a) dog flea; (b) of cat flea; (c) of hen flea (d) Nycteridiphilus (Ischnopsyllus) hexactenus