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- Ashanti Ivory Trumpet
Negro Trumpet. Ivory. From the regions of the White Nile The large ivory trumpet is used by the Niam-Niams, and other negro tribes, for transmitting signals in times of war. - Tabl Shamee
Tabl Shamee Small kettle drum The name tabl shamee, signifying 'Syrian drum', indicates that this kind of drum was probably introduced into Egypt from Western Asia. It is usually made from tinned copper, with a parchment face. The Egyptians use the Tabl shamee especially in bridal processions, and on similar festive occasions. The performer carries it suspended from his neck and beats it with two slender sticks. - Rebab
The Rebab, an Arab instrument of the violin class, is especially used for accompanying the voice. - Sword Dance
Sword-dance to the sound of the Bagpipe.--Fac-simile of a Manuscript in the British Museum (Fourteenth Century). - Oliphant
Olifant, or Hunting-horn, in Ivory (Fourteenth Century).--From an Original existing in England. - Musicians
Musicians accompanying the Dancing.--Fac-simile of a Wood Engraving in the "Orchésographie" of Thoinot Arbeau (Jehan Tabourot): 4to (Langres, 1588). - Ethiopan Serenaders
Ethiopan Serenaders The Street Vocalists are almost as large a body as the street musicians. It will be seen that there are 50 Ethiopian serenaders, and above 250 who live by ballad-singing alone. - Four-course Cittern
- Peruvian Pan Pipes
- Organ
- Early form of the regals
- A Positive Organ
- Saxon Pneumatic Organ
The organ, already introduced into divine service, became, under the hands of St. Dunstan, a large and important instrument. William of Malmesbury says that Dunstan gave many to churches which had pipes of brass and were inflated with bellows. In a MS. psalter in Trinity College, Cambridge, is a picture of one of considerable size, which has no less than four bellows played by four men. [Comment on the same picture in book Musical Instruments, by Carl Engel Published in 1875 and Available from gutenberg.org] Some progress in the construction of the organ is exhibited in an illustration dating from the twelfth century, in a psalter of Eadwine, in the library of Trinity college, Cambridge. The instrument has ten pipes, or perhaps fourteen, as four of them appear to be double pipes. It required four men exerting all their power to produce the necessary wind, and two men to play the instrument. Moreover, both players seem also to be busily engaged in directing the blowers about the proper supply of wind. Six men and only fourteen pipes! It must be admitted that since the twelfth century some progress has been made, at all events, in the construction of the organ.